Detailed Explanation
27-amino-acid gut peptide hormone — historically significant as the first hormone ever identified (by Bayliss and Starling, 1902). Secretin is released by S-cells in the duodenum in response to acidic chyme from the stomach.
It stimulates the pancreas to secrete bicarbonate-rich fluid that neutralizes gastric acid in the duodenum, and inhibits gastric acid secretion. Secretin belongs to a peptide hormone superfamily that includes glucagon, GLP-1, GLP-2, GIP, VIP, and GHRH — all sharing structural homology and likely descended from a common ancestral gene. Synthetic secretin is used clinically in the secretin stimulation test for diagnosing Zollinger-Ellison syndrome (gastrinoma) and evaluating pancreatic exocrine function.
Key Facts
- 27-amino-acid gut peptide hormone — historically significant as the first hormone ever identified (by Bayliss and Starling, 1902).
- Secretin is released by S-cells in the duodenum in response to acidic chyme from the stomach.
- It stimulates the pancreas to secrete bicarbonate-rich fluid that neutralizes gastric acid in the duodenum, and inhibits gastric acid secretion.
- Secretin belongs to a peptide hormone superfamily that includes glucagon, GLP-1, GLP-2, GIP, VIP, and GHRH — all sharing structural homology and likely descended from a common ancestral gene.
- Synthetic secretin is used clinically in the secretin stimulation test for diagnosing Zollinger-Ellison syndrome (gastrinoma) and evaluating pancreatic exocrine function.
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